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Parts of Speech

Every word in English has a job. These jobs are called parts of speech. There are eight of them.

Part	Job	Example
Noun	Name of a person, place, thing	Ravi, Pune, book
Pronoun	Used instead of a noun	he, she, they
Verb	Shows action or state	run, read, is
Adjective	Describes a noun	tall, smart, red
Adverb	Describes a verb or adjective	quickly, very
Preposition	Shows position or relation	in, on, under
Conjunction	Joins words or sentences	and, but, because
Interjection	Shows sudden feeling	Wow! Oh! Alas!

Example: Riya (noun) quickly (adverb) reads (verb) an interesting (adjective) book.

Tip: To find a part of speech, ask what the word is doing in the sentence, not just what it looks like.

Tense tells us when something happens: past, present or future. Each has four forms.

Form	Past	Present	Future
Simple	I played.	I play.	I will play.
Continuous	I was playing.	I am playing.	I will be playing.
Perfect	I had played.	I have played.	I will have played.
Perfect Continuous	I had been playing.	I have been playing.	I will have been playing.

Simple: habits and facts. She walks to school.
Continuous: actions happening now. She is walking now.
Perfect: finished actions with a link to now. She has walked home.
Perfect Continuous: actions that started earlier and are still going. She has been walking for an hour.

Learn these useful sentences and use them every day to speak with confidence.

Good morning! How are you?

I am fine, thank you. And you?

Nice to meet you.

Please close the door.

What time is dinner?

Can you help me, please?

May I come in, sir?

Could you please repeat that?

I did not understand the question.

How much does this cost?

Could you show me the way to the bus stand?

Thank you so much for your help.